Chalazion

What is a chalazion?

A chalazion is a small (2-8 mm) fluid-filled swelling (cyst) in the eyelid. It is common and sometimes called a meibomian cyst or tarsal cyst. A chalazion is more common on the upper eyelid. It is possible to have several at once, in more than one eyelid. It is not the same as a stye.

What causes a chalazion?

There are tiny glands just under the inner surface of the eyelid, called meibomian glands. These make an oily fluid called meibum to help lubricate the eye. If the gland becomes blocked then the meibum cannot escape into the tears. It may expand into a swelling (cyst) and leak into the eyelid tissue. This becomes inflamed. Over time, inflammation causes a lump (or granuloma) to form in the eyelid. This is a firm, solid lump that remains for a long time. This lump is the chalazion.

Chalazion is more common in people who have the eye condition blepharitis, or skin conditions such as eczema, because in these conditions the meibum tends to be thicker so the gland is more easily.

What are the symptoms of a chalazion?

The usual symptom is a small lump which develops on an eyelid.
Sometimes it causes mild pain or irritation, particularly if it has just started – this usually settles.
Rarely, it gets infected. It then becomes more swollen, red and painful.
Sight is not affected, although very occasionally it can become big enough to press on the eyeball and distort vision.

What is the treatment for a chalazion?

1. Hot compresses help to ease discomfort. Hold a clean flannel that has been in hot water gently but firmly against the closed eye for 5-10 minutes, 3-4 times a day. Sometimes this warmth and slight pressure is enough to soften the contents of the fluid-filled swelling (cyst), helping it drain more easily. (The water should be hot but comfortable and not scalding.)
2. Antibiotic ointments, drops and medicines locally .
3. Massage of the cyst after using a hot compress can encourage the cyst to drain. Do this gently, with a clean finger or cotton bud, in the direction of the eyelashes.
Cleaning the eyelid twice per day removes grease and dead skin cells that may contribute to cysts forming. A weak solution of baby shampoo in warm water is ideal.
3. A small operation is an option if it is troublesome or persistent. Your eye doctor( ophthalmologist) will inform you regarding it. The operation is usually done under local anaesthetic.
The eyelid is numbed. A small cut is then made on the inside of the eyelid to release the contents of the cyst and it is scraped out. After surgery antibiotic drops or ointment are commonly prescribed

Will it happen again?

For most people a chalazion occurs just once. However, some people are prone to developing them and they may come back (recur). You may be able to prevent this by using a hot compress on the eyelids (described above) and massaging the eyelids each morning.